build-push-action/README.md

[![GitHub release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/docker/build-push-action.svg?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/docker/build-push-action/releases/latest)
[![GitHub marketplace](https://img.shields.io/badge/marketplace-build--and--push--docker--images-blue?logo=github&style=flat-square)](https://github.com/marketplace/actions/build-and-push-docker-images)
[![CI workflow](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/docker/build-push-action/ci?label=ci&logo=github&style=flat-square)](https://github.com/docker/build-push-action/actions?workflow=ci)
[![Test workflow](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/docker/build-push-action/test?label=test&logo=github&style=flat-square)](https://github.com/docker/build-push-action/actions?workflow=test)
[![Codecov](https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/docker/build-push-action?logo=codecov&style=flat-square)](https://codecov.io/gh/docker/build-push-action)

## About

GitHub Action to build and push Docker images with [Buildx](https://github.com/docker/buildx).

> :bulb: See also:
> * [login](https://github.com/docker/login-action) action
> * [setup-buildx](https://github.com/docker/setup-buildx-action) action
> * [setup-qemu](https://github.com/docker/setup-qemu-action) action

![Screenshot](.github/build-push-action.png)

___

* [Usage](#usage)
  * [Git context](#git-context)
  * [Path context](#path-context)
  * [Isolated builders](#isolated-builders)
  * [Multi-platform image](#multi-platform-image)
* [Advanced usage](#advanced-usage)
  * [Local registry](#local-registry)
  * [Leverage GitHub cache](#leverage-github-cache)
  * [Complete workflow](#complete-workflow)
  * [Update DockerHub repo description](#update-dockerhub-repo-description)
* [Customizing](#customizing)
  * [inputs](#inputs)
  * [outputs](#outputs)
* [Troubleshooting](#troubleshooting)
* [Keep up-to-date with GitHub Dependabot](#keep-up-to-date-with-github-dependabot)
* [Limitation](#limitation)

## Usage

This action uses our [setup-buildx](https://github.com/docker/setup-buildx-action) action that extends the
`docker build` command named [buildx](https://github.com/docker/buildx) with the full support of the features
provided by [Moby BuildKit](https://github.com/moby/buildkit) builder toolkit. This includes multi-arch build,
build-secrets, remote cache, etc. and different builder deployment/namespacing options.

### Git context

The default behavior of this action is to use the [Git context invoked by your workflow](https://github.com/docker/build-push-action/blob/master/src/context.ts#L35).

<details>
  <summary><b>Show workflow</b></summary>
  
  ```yaml
name: ci

on:
  push:
    branches: master

jobs:
  main:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      -
        name: Set up QEMU
        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v1
      -
        name: Set up Docker Buildx
        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
      -
        name: Login to DockerHub
        uses: docker/login-action@v1 
        with:
          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
      -
        name: Build and push
        id: docker_build
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
        with:
          push: true
          tags: user/app:latest
      -
        name: Image digest
        run: echo ${{ steps.docker_build.outputs.digest }}
  ```
</details>

If you use this action in a private repository, you have to pass the [GitHub Token](https://help.github.com/en/actions/configuring-and-managing-workflows/authenticating-with-the-github_token)
as a secret named `GIT_AUTH_TOKEN` to be able to authenticate against it with buildx:

```yaml
      -
        name: Build and push
        id: docker_build
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
        with:
          push: true
          tags: user/app:latest
          secrets: |
            GIT_AUTH_TOKEN=${{ github.token }}
```

> :warning: Subdir for Git context is [not yet supported](https://github.com/docker/build-push-action/issues/120).
> For the moment you can use the [path context](#path-context).

### Path context

You can also use the `PATH` context alongside the [`actions/checkout`](https://github.com/actions/checkout/) action.

<details>
  <summary><b>Show workflow</b></summary>
  
  ```yaml
  name: ci

  on:
    push:
      branches: master

  jobs:
    path-context:
      runs-on: ubuntu-latest
      steps:
        -
          name: Checkout
          uses: actions/checkout@v2
        -
          name: Set up QEMU
          uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v1
        -
          name: Set up Docker Buildx
          uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
        -
          name: Login to DockerHub
          uses: docker/login-action@v1
          with:
            username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
            password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
        -
          name: Build and push
          uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
          with:
            context: .
            file: ./Dockerfile
            platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/386
            push: true
            tags: user/app:latest
  ```
</details>

### Isolated builders

<details>
  <summary><b>Show workflow</b></summary>
  
  ```yaml
  name: ci

  on:
    push:
      branches: master

  jobs:
    multi-builders:
      runs-on: ubuntu-latest
      steps:
        -
          uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
          id: builder1
        -
          uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
          id: builder2
        -
          name: Builder 1 name
          run: echo ${{ steps.builder1.outputs.name }}
        -
          name: Builder 2 name
          run: echo ${{ steps.builder2.outputs.name }}
        -
          name: Build against builder1
          uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
          with:
            builder: ${{ steps.builder1.outputs.name }}
            target: mytarget1
        -
          name: Build against builder2
          uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
          with:
            builder: ${{ steps.builder2.outputs.name }}
            target: mytarget2
  ```
</details>

### Multi-platform image

<details>
  <summary><b>Show workflow</b></summary>
  
  ```yaml
  name: ci

  on:
    push:
      branches: master

  jobs:
    multi:
      runs-on: ubuntu-latest
      steps:
        -
          name: Checkout
          uses: actions/checkout@v2
        -
          name: Set up QEMU
          uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v1
        -
          name: Set up Docker Buildx
          uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
        -
          name: Login to DockerHub
          uses: docker/login-action@v1 
          with:
            username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
            password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
        -
          name: Build and push
          uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
          with:
            context: .
            file: ./Dockerfile
            platforms: linux/386,linux/amd64,linux/arm/v6,linux/arm/v7,linux/arm64,linux/ppc64le,linux/s390x
            push: true
            tags: |
              user/app:latest
              user/app:1.0.0
  ```
</details>

## Advanced usage

### Local registry

For testing purposes you may need to create a [local registry](https://hub.docker.com/_/registry) to push images into.

<details>
  <summary><b>Show workflow</b></summary>
  
  ```yaml
  name: ci

  on:
    push:
      branches: master

  jobs:
    local-registry:
      runs-on: ubuntu-latest
      services:
        registry:
          image: registry:2
          ports:
            - 5000:5000
      steps:
        -
          name: Set up QEMU
          uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v1
        -
          name: Set up Docker Buildx
          uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
          with:
            driver-opts: network=host
        -
          name: Build and push to local registry
          uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
          with:
            push: true
            tags: localhost:5000/name/app:latest
        -
          name: Inspect
          run: |
            docker buildx imagetools inspect localhost:5000/name/app:latest
  ```
</details>

### Leverage GitHub cache

You can leverage [GitHub cache](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/configuring-and-managing-workflows/caching-dependencies-to-speed-up-workflows)
using [actions/cache](https://github.com/actions/cache) with this action.

<details>
  <summary><b>Show workflow</b></summary>
  
  ```yaml
  name: ci

  on:
    push:
      branches: master

  jobs:
    github-cache:
      runs-on: ubuntu-latest
      steps:
        -
          name: Set up Docker Buildx
          uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
        -
          name: Cache Docker layers
          uses: actions/cache@v2
          with:
            path: /tmp/.buildx-cache
            key: ${{ runner.os }}-buildx-${{ github.sha }}
            restore-keys: |
              ${{ runner.os }}-buildx-
        -
          name: Login to DockerHub
          uses: docker/login-action@v1 
          with:
            username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
            password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
        -
          name: Build and push
          uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
          with:
            push: true
            tags: user/app:latest
            cache-from: type=local,src=/tmp/.buildx-cache
            cache-to: type=local,dest=/tmp/.buildx-cache
  ```
</details>

### Complete workflow

If you come from [`v1`](https://github.com/docker/build-push-action/tree/releases/v1#readme) and you want an
"automatic" tag management through Git reference and [OCI Image Format Specification](https://github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/blob/master/annotations.md)
for labels, you will have to do it in a dedicated step [for now](https://github.com/docker/build-push-action/issues/116).

The following workflow with the `Prepare` step will generate some [outputs](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/reference/workflow-syntax-for-github-actions#jobsjobs_idoutputs)
to handle tags and labels based on GitHub actions events. This is just an example to show many cases that you
might want to use:

| Event           | Ref                           | Commit SHA | Docker Tag                         | Pushed |
|-----------------|-------------------------------|------------|------------------------------------|--------|
| `schedule`      |                               |            | `nightly`                          | Yes    |
| `pull_request`  | `refs/pull/2/merge`           | `a123b57`  | `pr-2`                             | No     |
| `push`          | `refs/heads/<default_branch>` | `676cae2`  | `sha-676cae2`, `edge`              | Yes    |
| `push`          | `refs/heads/dev`              | `cf20257`  | `sha-cf20257`, `dev`               | Yes    |
| `push`          | `refs/heads/my/branch`        | `a5df687`  | `sha-a5df687`, `my-branch`         | Yes    |
| `push tag`      | `refs/tags/v1.2.3`            |            | `v1.2.3`, `v1.2`, `v1`, `latest`   | Yes    |

<details>
  <summary><b>Show workflow</b></summary>
  
  ```yaml
  name: ci

  on:
    schedule:
      - cron: '0 10 * * *' # everyday at 10am
    push:
      branches:
        - '**'
      tags:
        - 'v*.*.*'
    pull_request:

  jobs:
    docker:
      runs-on: ubuntu-latest
      steps:
        -
          name: Checkout
          uses: actions/checkout@v2
        -
          name: Prepare
          id: prep
          run: |
            DOCKER_IMAGE=name/app
            VERSION=noop
            if [ "${{ github.event_name }}" = "schedule" ]; then
              VERSION=nightly
            elif [[ $GITHUB_REF == refs/tags/* ]]; then
              VERSION=${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/}
            elif [[ $GITHUB_REF == refs/heads/* ]]; then
              VERSION=$(echo ${GITHUB_REF#refs/heads/} | sed -r 's#/+#-#g')
              if [ "${{ github.event.repository.default_branch }}" = "$VERSION" ]; then
                VERSION=edge
              fi
            elif [[ $GITHUB_REF == refs/pull/* ]]; then
              VERSION=pr-${{ github.event.number }}
            fi
            TAGS="${DOCKER_IMAGE}:${VERSION}"
            if [[ $VERSION =~ ^v[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}$ ]]; then
              MINOR=${VERSION%.*}
              MAJOR=${MINOR%.*}
              TAGS="$TAGS,${DOCKER_IMAGE}:${MINOR},${DOCKER_IMAGE}:${MAJOR},${DOCKER_IMAGE}:latest"
            elif [ "${{ github.event_name }}" = "push" ]; then
              TAGS="$TAGS,${DOCKER_IMAGE}:sha-${GITHUB_SHA::8}"
            fi
            echo ::set-output name=version::${VERSION}
            echo ::set-output name=tags::${TAGS}
            echo ::set-output name=created::$(date -u +'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ')
        -
          name: Set up QEMU
          uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v1
        -
          name: Set up Docker Buildx
          uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
        -
          name: Login to DockerHub
          if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
          uses: docker/login-action@v1 
          with:
            username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
            password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
        -
          name: Build and push
          id: docker_build
          uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
          with:
            context: .
            file: ./Dockerfile
            platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/386
            push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
            tags: ${{ steps.prep.outputs.tags }}
            labels: |
              org.opencontainers.image.title=${{ github.event.repository.name }}
              org.opencontainers.image.description=${{ github.event.repository.description }}
              org.opencontainers.image.url=${{ github.event.repository.html_url }}
              org.opencontainers.image.source=${{ github.event.repository.clone_url }}
              org.opencontainers.image.version=${{ steps.prep.outputs.version }}
              org.opencontainers.image.created=${{ steps.prep.outputs.created }}
              org.opencontainers.image.revision=${{ github.sha }}
              org.opencontainers.image.licenses=${{ github.event.repository.license.spdx_id }}
  ```
</details>

### Update DockerHub repo description

You can update the [Docker Hub repository description](https://docs.docker.com/docker-hub/repos/) using
a third-party action called [Docker Hub Description](https://github.com/peter-evans/dockerhub-description)
with this action.

<details>
  <summary><b>Show workflow</b></summary>
  
  ```yaml
  name: ci

  on:
    push:
      branches: master

  jobs:
    main:
      runs-on: ubuntu-latest
      steps:
        -
          name: Set up QEMU
          uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v1
        -
          name: Set up Docker Buildx
          uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
        -
          name: Login to DockerHub
          uses: docker/login-action@v1 
          with:
            username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
            password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
        -
          name: Build and push
          uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
          with:
            push: true
            tags: user/app:latest
        -
          name: Update repo description
          uses: peter-evans/dockerhub-description@v2
          env:
            DOCKERHUB_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
            DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
            DOCKERHUB_REPOSITORY: user/app
  ```
</details>

## Customizing

### inputs

Following inputs can be used as `step.with` keys

| Name                | Type    | Description                        |
|---------------------|---------|------------------------------------|
| `builder`           | String  | Builder instance (see [setup-buildx](https://github.com/docker/setup-buildx-action) action) |
| `context`           | String  | Build's context is the set of files located in the specified [`PATH` or `URL`](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/build/) (default [Git context](#git-context)) |
| `file`              | String  | Path to the Dockerfile (default `Dockerfile`) |
| `build-args`        | List    | List of build-time variables |
| `labels`            | List    | List of metadata for an image |
| `tags`              | List    | List of tags |
| `pull`              | Bool    | Always attempt to pull a newer version of the image (default `false`) |
| `target`            | String  | Sets the target stage to build |
| `allow`             | List    | List of [extra privileged entitlement](https://github.com/docker/buildx#--allowentitlement) (eg. `network.host,security.insecure`) |
| `no-cache`          | Bool    | Do not use cache when building the image (default `false`) |
| `platforms`         | List    | List of [target platforms](https://github.com/docker/buildx#---platformvaluevalue) for build |
| `load`              | Bool    | [Load](https://github.com/docker/buildx#--load) is a shorthand for `--output=type=docker` (default `false`) |
| `push`              | Bool    | [Push](https://github.com/docker/buildx#--push) is a shorthand for `--output=type=registry` (default `false`) |
| `outputs`           | CSV     | List of [output destinations](https://github.com/docker/buildx#-o---outputpath-typetypekeyvalue) (format: `type=local,dest=path`) |
| `cache-from`        | CSV     | List of [external cache sources](https://github.com/docker/buildx#--cache-fromnametypetypekeyvalue) (eg. `type=local,src=path/to/dir`) |
| `cache-to`          | CSV     | List of [cache export destinations](https://github.com/docker/buildx#--cache-tonametypetypekeyvalue) (eg. `type=local,dest=path/to/dir`) |
| `secrets`           | CSV     | List of secrets to expose to the build (eg. `key=value`, `GIT_AUTH_TOKEN=mytoken`) |

> `List` type can be a comma or newline-delimited string
> ```yaml
> tags: name/app:latest,name/app:1.0.0
> ```
> ```yaml
> tags: |
>   name/app:latest
>   name/app:1.0.0
> ```

> `CSV` type must be a newline-delimited string
> ```yaml
> cache-from: user/app:cache
> ```
> ```yaml
> cache-from: |
>   user/app:cache
>   type=local,src=path/to/dir
> ```

### outputs

Following outputs are available

| Name          | Type    | Description                           |
|---------------|---------|---------------------------------------|
| `digest`      | String  | Image content-addressable identifier also called a digest |

## Troubleshooting

While pushing to a registry, you may encounter these kinds of issues:

* `failed commit on ref "layer-sha256:...": invalid content digest in response: invalid checksum digest format`
* `failed commit on ref "layer-sha256:...": no response`
* `failed commit on ref "manifest-sha256:...": unexpected status: 401 Unauthorized`
* `unexpected response: 401 Unauthorized`

These issues are not directly related to this action but are rather linked to [buildx](https://github.com/docker/buildx),
[buildkit](https://github.com/moby/buildkit), [containerd](https://github.com/containerd/containerd) or the registry
on which you're pushing your image. The quality of error message depends on the registry and are usually not very informative.

To help you solve this, you should first enable debugging in the
[setup-buildx action step](https://github.com/docker/setup-buildx-action):

```yaml
  -
    name: Set up Docker Buildx
    uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
    with:
      buildkitd-flags: --debug
```

Next you can test pushing with containerd using [this workflow](https://github.com/crazy-max/ghaction-setup-containerd#build-and-push-docker-image).
Do not forget to set `ctr --debug` for the pushing step. If it works then open an issue on
[buildkit](https://github.com/moby/buildkit) repository.

## Keep up-to-date with GitHub Dependabot

Since [Dependabot](https://docs.github.com/en/github/administering-a-repository/keeping-your-actions-up-to-date-with-github-dependabot)
has [native GitHub Actions support](https://docs.github.com/en/github/administering-a-repository/configuration-options-for-dependency-updates#package-ecosystem),
to enable it on your GitHub repo all you need to do is add the `.github/dependabot.yml` file:

```yaml
version: 2
updates:
  # Maintain dependencies for GitHub Actions
  - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
    directory: "/"
    schedule:
      interval: "daily"
```

## Limitation

This action is only available for Linux [virtual environments](https://help.github.com/en/articles/virtual-environments-for-github-actions#supported-virtual-environments-and-hardware-resources).