---
layout: null
---

@import url("pygment_highlights.css");

/* --- General --- */

html {
  font-size: 100%
}

body {
  font-family: 'Lora', 'Times New Roman', serif;
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  color: #404040;
  position: relative;
  background-color: {{ site.page-col | default: "#FFFFFF" }};
  {% if site.page-img %}
  background-image: url({{ site.page-img | relative_url }});
  background-attachment: fixed;
  {% endif %}
}
p {
  line-height: 1.5;
  margin: 1.875rem 0;
}
h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {
  font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.1;
}
h1 {
  font-size: 2.25rem;
}
h2 {
  font-size: 1.875rem;
}
h3 {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
}
h4 {
  font-size: 1.125rem;
}
a {
  color: {{ site.link-col | default: "#008AFF" }};
}
a:hover,
a:focus {
  color: {{ site.hover-col | default: "#0085A1" }};
}
blockquote {
  color: #808080;
  font-style: italic;
}
blockquote p:first-child {
  margin-top: 0;
}
hr.small {
  max-width: 6.25rem;
  margin: 1rem auto;
  border-width: 0.25rem;
  border-color: inherit;
  border-radius: 0.1875rem;
}

/* fix in-page anchors to not be behind fixed header */
:target:before { 
  content: "";
  display: block;
  height: 3.125rem; /* navbar height */
  margin: -3.125rem 0 0;
}

.main-content {
  padding-top: 5rem;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .main-content {
    padding-top: 8.125rem;
  }
}

.main-explain-area {
  font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  padding: 1rem inherit;
}

.hideme {
  display: none;
}

::-moz-selection {
  color: white;
  text-shadow: none;
  background-color: {{ site.hover-col | default: "#0085A1" }};
}
::selection {
  color: white;
  text-shadow: none;
  background-color: {{ site.hover-col | default: "#0085A1" }};
}
img::selection {
  color: white;
  background: transparent;
}
img::-moz-selection {
  color: white;
  background: transparent;
}

img {
  max-width: 100%;
}

.disqus-comments {
  margin-top: 1.875rem;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .disqus-comments {
    margin-top: 2.5rem;
  }
}

.linked-section {
  padding-top: 3.75rem;
  margin-top: -1.5625rem;
}

/* --- Navbar --- */

.navbar-custom {
  background-color: {{ site.navbar-col | default: "#F5F5F5" }};
  border-bottom: 1px solid {{ site.navbar-border-col | default: "#EAEAEA" }};
  font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  {% if site.navbar-img %}
    background-image: url({{ site.navbar-img | relative_url }});
    background-attachment: fixed;
  {% endif %}
  -webkit-transition: background .5s ease-in-out,padding .5s ease-in-out;
  -moz-transition: background .5s ease-in-out,padding .5s ease-in-out;
  transition: background .5s ease-in-out,padding .5s ease-in-out;
}

.navbar-custom,
.navbar-custom.top-nav-short,
.navbar-custom.top-nav-short-permanent {
  padding-top: 0;
  padding-bottom: 0;
}

.navbar-custom .navbar-brand {
  line-height: 1.5;
  padding-top: 0.625rem;
  padding-bottom: 0.625rem;
}

.navbar-custom .navbar-brand-logo {
  -webkit-transition: padding .5s ease-in-out;
  -moz-transition: padding .5s ease-in-out;
  transition: padding .5s ease-in-out;
}

.navbar-custom .navbar-brand-logo,
.navbar-custom.top-nav-short .navbar-brand-logo,
.navbar-custom.top-nav-short-permanent .navbar-brand-logo {
  padding-top: 0.3125rem;
  padding-bottom: 0.3125rem;
}

.navbar-custom .navbar-brand-logo img {
  -webkit-transition: height .5s ease-in-out;
  -moz-transition: height .5s ease-in-out;
  transition: height .5s ease-in-out;
}

.navbar-custom .navbar-brand-logo img,
.navbar-custom.top-nav-short .navbar-brand-logo img,
.navbar-custom.top-nav-short-permanent .navbar-brand-logo img {
  height: 2.5rem;
}

.navbar-custom .navbar-brand:hover,
.navbar-custom .navbar-brand:focus ,
.navbar-custom .navbar-nav .nav-link:hover,
.navbar-custom .navbar-nav .nav-link:focus,
.navbar-custom .navbar-nav .dropdown-item:hover,
.navbar-custom .navbar-nav .dropdown-item:focus {
  color: {{ site.hover-col | default: "#0085A1" }};
}

.navbar-custom .navbar-nav .nav-item {
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.0625rem;
}

.navbar-custom .navbar-nav .nav-link {
  padding-top: 0;
  padding-bottom: 0;
  line-height: 1.5;
  padding-top: 1rem;
  padding-bottom: 1rem;
}

.navbar-custom .navbar-brand,
.navbar-custom .navbar-nav .nav-link {
  font-weight: 800;
  color: {{ site.navbar-text-col | default: "#404040" }};
}

.navbar-toggler {
  font-size: 1rem;
}
.navbar-custom .navbar-toggler:focus,
.navbar-custom .navbar-toggler:hover {
  background-color: initial;
}

.navbar-custom .navbar-toggler[aria-expanded="true"] {
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.dropdown-toggle::after {
  border-width: 0.4em;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .navbar-custom {
    padding-top: 1.25rem;
    padding-bottom: 1.25rem;
  }

  .navbar-custom .navbar-brand-logo {
    padding-top: 0;
    padding-bottom: 0;
  }

  .navbar-custom .navbar-brand-logo img {
    height: 3.125rem;
  }

  .navbar-expand-md .navbar-nav .nav-link {
    padding-left: 0.9375rem;
    padding-right: 0.9375rem;
  }
  .navbar-expand-md .navbar-nav .nav-item:last-child .nav-link {
    padding-right: 0;
  }
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .navbar-custom .nav-item.dropdown:hover {
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  }
}

.navbar-custom .nav-item.dropdown.show {
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.navbar-custom .nav-item.dropdown .dropdown-menu {
  min-width: 0;
  margin-top: 0;
  font-size: 1em;
  border: 0;
  padding: 0;
  width: 100%;
  word-break: break-word;
}
.navbar-custom .nav-item.dropdown .dropdown-menu .dropdown-item {
  white-space: normal;
  padding: 0.625rem;
  background-color: {{ site.navbar-col | default: "#F5F5F5" }};
  text-decoration: none !important;
  border-width: 0 1px 1px 1px;
  font-weight: normal;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .navbar-custom .nav-item.dropdown .dropdown-menu {
    text-align: center;
  }

  .navbar-custom .nav-item.dropdown .dropdown-menu .dropdown-item {
    padding-left: 0.625rem;
    border: 1px solid {{ site.navbar-border-col | default: "#EAEAEA" }};
    border-width: 0 1px 1px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .navbar-custom .navbar-collapse {
    border-top: 1px solid {{ site.navbar-border-col | default: "#EAEAEA" }};
    margin: 0 -1rem;
  }

  .navbar-custom .navbar-nav {
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
  }

  .navbar-custom .navbar-nav .nav-link {
    padding: 0.675rem 0 0.675rem 1rem;
  }

  .navbar-custom .nav-item.dropdown.show {
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
  }

  .navbar-custom .nav-item.dropdown .dropdown-menu .dropdown-item {
    padding-left: 2rem;
  }
}

.navbar-custom .avatar-container {
  position: absolute;
  left: 50%;
  width: 3.125rem;
  margin-top: 1.75rem;
  transition: opacity 0.5s ease-in-out;
  -webkit-transition: opacity 0.5s ease-in-out;
  -moz-transition: opacity 0.5s ease-in-out;
}
.navbar-custom.top-nav-short .avatar-container {
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transition: visibility linear 0.5s, opacity 0.5s ease-in-out;
  -webkit-transition: visibility linear 0.5s, opacity 0.5s ease-in-out;
  -moz-transition: visibility linear 0.5s, opacity 0.5s ease-in-out;
}

.navbar-custom .avatar-container .avatar-img-border {
  width: 100%;
  display: inline-block;
  margin-left: -50%;
  {% unless site.round-avatar == false %}
    border-radius: 50%;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0.5rem rgba(0, 0, 0, .8);
    -webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 0.3125rem rgba(0, 0, 0, .8);
    -moz-box-shadow: 0 0 0.5rem rgba(0, 0, 0, .8);
  {% endunless %}
}
.navbar-custom .avatar-container .avatar-img {
  width: 100%;
  {% unless site.round-avatar == false %}
    border-radius: 50%;
  {% endunless %}
  display: block;
}

.navbar-custom.top-nav-expanded .avatar-container {
  display: none;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .navbar-custom .avatar-container {
    width: 6.25rem;
  }

  .navbar-custom .avatar-container .avatar-img-border {
    width: 100%;
    {% unless site.round-avatar == false %}
    box-shadow: 1px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .8);
    -webkit-box-shadow: 1px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .8);
    -moz-box-shadow: 1px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .8);
    {% endunless %}
  }

  .navbar-custom .avatar-container .avatar-img {
    width: 100%;
  }
}

/* --- Footer --- */

footer {
  padding: 1.875rem 0;
  border-top: 1px #EAEAEA solid;
  margin-top: 3.125rem;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  background-color: {{ site.footer-col | default: "#F5F5F5" }};
  {% if site.footer-img %}
    background-image: url({{ site.footer-img | relative_url }});
    background-attachment: fixed;
  {% endif %}
}

footer p.text-muted {
  color: {{ site.footer-text-col | default: "#777777" }} !important;
}

footer a {
  color: {{ site.footer-link-col | default: "#404040" }};
}

footer .list-inline {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  margin-bottom: 1.875rem;
}
footer .copyright {
  font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  margin-top: 0;
}
footer .theme-by {
  text-align: center;
  margin: 0.625rem 0 0;
}
footer .footer-custom-content {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 0.9375rem;
  font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  footer {
    padding: 3.125rem 0;
  }
  footer .footer-links {
    font-size: 1.125rem;
  }
  footer .copyright {
    font-size: 1rem;
  }
  footer .footer-custom-content {
    font-size: 1rem;
  }
}

/* --- Post preview --- */

.post-preview {
  padding: 1.25rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .post-preview {
    padding: 2.1875rem 0;
  }
}

.post-preview:last-child {
  border-bottom: 0;
}

.post-preview a {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #404040;
}

.post-preview a:focus,
.post-preview a:hover {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: {{ site.hover-col | default: "#0085A1" }};
}

.post-preview .post-title {
  font-size: 1.875rem;
  margin-top: 0;
}
.post-preview .post-subtitle {
  margin: 0;
  font-weight: 300;
  margin-bottom: 0.625rem;
}
.post-preview .post-meta,
.post-heading .post-meta {
  color: #808080;
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  font-style: italic;
  margin: 0 0 0.625rem;
}
.post-preview .post-entry {
  font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}
.post-entry-container {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 100%;
}
.post-entry {
  width: 100%;
}
.post-image {
  float: right;
  height: 12rem;
  width: 12rem;
  margin-top: -2.1875rem;
  filter: grayscale(90%);
}
.post-image:hover {
  filter: grayscale(0%);
}
.post-image img {
  border-radius: 6.25rem;
  height: 12rem;
  width: 12rem;
}
.post-preview .post-read-more {
  font-weight: 800;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .post-preview .post-title {
    font-size: 2.25rem;
  }
}

/* --- Tags --- */

.blog-tags {
  font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  color: #999;
  font-size: 0.9375rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.875rem;
}

.blog-tags a {
  color: {{ site.link-col | default: "#008AFF" }};
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 0 0.3125rem;
}

.blog-tags a:hover {
  border-radius: 2px;
  color: {{ site.hover-col | default: "#0085A1" }};
  background-color: #EEE;
}

.post-preview .blog-tags {
  margin-top: 0.3125rem;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .post-preview .blog-tags {
    margin-top: 0.625rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 500px) {
  .post-image, .post-image img {
    height: 6.25rem;
    width: 6.25rem;
  }

  .post-image {
    width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 0;
    float: left;
  }
}
/* --- Post and page headers --- */

.intro-header {
  margin: 5rem 0 1.25rem;
  position: relative;
}
.intro-header.big-img {
  background: no-repeat center center;
  -webkit-background-size: cover;
  -moz-background-size: cover;
  background-size: cover;
  -o-background-size: cover;
  margin-top: 3.1875rem; /* The small navbar is 50px tall + 1px border */
  margin-bottom: 2.1875rem;
}
.intro-header.big-img .big-img-transition {
  position: absolute;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  opacity: 0;
  background: no-repeat center center;
  -webkit-background-size: cover;
  -moz-background-size: cover;
  background-size: cover;
  -o-background-size: cover;
  -webkit-transition: opacity 1s linear;
  -moz-transition: opacity 1s linear;
  transition: opacity 1s linear;
}
.intro-header .page-heading {
  text-align: center;
}
.intro-header.big-img .page-heading,
.intro-header.big-img .post-heading {
  padding: 6.25rem 0;
  color: #FFF;
  text-shadow: 1px 1px 3px #000;
}
.intro-header .page-heading h1 {
  margin-top: 0;
  font-size: 3.125rem;
}
.intro-header .post-heading h1 {
  margin-top: 0;
  font-size: 2.1875rem;
}
.intro-header .page-heading .page-subheading,
.intro-header .post-heading .post-subheading {
  font-size: 1.6875rem;
  line-height: 1.1;
  display: block;
  font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  font-weight: 300;
  margin: 0.625rem 0 0;
}
.intro-header .post-heading .post-subheading {
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}
.intro-header.big-img .page-heading .page-subheading,
.intro-header.big-img .post-heading .post-subheading {
  font-weight: 400;
}
.intro-header.big-img .page-heading hr {
  box-shadow: 1px 1px 3px #000;
  -webkit-box-shadow: 1px 1px 3px #000;
  -moz-box-shadow: 1px 1px 3px #000;
}
.intro-header.big-img .post-heading .post-meta {
  color: #EEE;
}
.intro-header.big-img .img-desc {
  background: rgba(30, 30, 30, 0.6);
  position: absolute;
  padding: 0.3125rem 0.625rem;
  font-size: 0.6875rem;
  color: #EEE;
  font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  display: none;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .intro-header {
    margin-top: 8.125rem;
  }
  .intro-header.big-img {
    margin-top: 5.6875rem; /* Full navbar is small navbar + 20px padding on each side when expanded */
  }
  .intro-header.big-img .page-heading,
  .intro-header.big-img .post-heading {
    padding: 9.375rem 0;
  }
  .intro-header .page-heading h1 {
    font-size: 5rem;
  }
  .intro-header .post-heading h1 {
    font-size: 3.125rem;
  }
  .intro-header.big-img .img-desc {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
  }
}

.header-section.has-img .no-img {
  margin-top: 0;
  background-color: #FCFCFC;
  margin: 0 0 2.5rem;
  padding: 1.25rem 0;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0.3125rem #AAA;
}
/* Many phones are 320 or 360px, so make sure images are a proper aspect ratio in those cases */
.header-section.has-img .intro-header.no-img {
  display: none;
}
@media (max-width: 365px) {
  .header-section.has-img .intro-header.no-img {
    display: block;
  }
  .intro-header.big-img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 13.75rem;
  }
  .intro-header.big-img .page-heading,
  .intro-header.big-img .post-heading {
    display: none;
  }
  .header-section.has-img .big-img {
    margin-bottom: 0;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 325px) {
  .intro-header.big-img {
    height: 12.5rem;
  }
}

.caption {
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  padding: 0.625rem;
  font-style: italic;
  margin: 0;
  display: block;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 0.3125rem;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 0.3125rem;
}

#header-gh-btns {
  margin-bottom: 0.9375rem;
}
@media (max-width: 500px) {
  #header-gh-btns > iframe {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.3125rem;
  }
}

.reader-time {
  display: inline-block;
}
@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .reader-time {
    display: block;
  }
}
.reader-time .middot { 
  margin: 0 0.625rem;
}

/* --- Pagination --- */

.pagination {
  margin: 0.625rem 0 0;
  justify-content: space-between;
}

.pagination.blog-pager {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.pagination .page-item.next {
  margin-left: auto;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .pagination.blog-pager {
    margin-top: 0.625rem;
  }
}

.pagination .page-item .page-link {
  font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
  padding: 0.625rem 0.3125rem;
  background-color: #FFF;
  border-radius: 0;
  color: #404040;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .pagination .page-item .page-link {
    padding: 0.9375rem 1.5625rem;
  }
}
.pagination .page-item .page-link:hover,
.pagination .page-item .page-link:focus {
  color: #FFF;
  border: 1px solid {{ site.hover-col | default: "#0085A1" }};
  background-color: {{ site.hover-col | default: "#0085A1" }};
}

/* --- Tables --- */

table {
  padding: 0;
}
table tr {
  border-top: 1px solid #cccccc;
  background-color: #ffffff;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}
table tr:nth-child(2n) {
  background-color: #f8f8f8;
}
table tr th {
  font-weight: bold;
  border: 1px solid #cccccc;
  text-align: left;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0.375rem 0.8125rem;
}
table tr td {
  border: 1px solid #cccccc;
  text-align: left;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0.375rem 0.8125rem;
}
table tr th :first-child,
table tr td :first-child {
  margin-top: 0;
}
table tr th :last-child,
table tr td :last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* --- Code blocks --- */

pre {
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  border-radius: 0.25rem;
  padding: 0.59375rem;
}
.highlight pre {
  border: none;
  background: none;
  margin: 0;
}
.highlight > pre {
  background-image: linear-gradient(
    rgba(0,0,0,0.06), rgba(0,0,0,0.06) 1.5em, rgba(0,0,0,0.03) 1.5em, rgba(0,0,0,0.03) 3em);
  background-size: auto 3em;
  background-position-y: 0.625rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  border-left: 0.4375rem solid #444;
}
.highlight > pre:not([class~="highlight"]) { /* code block with line number */
  padding: 0;
}
.highlight table, .highlight tr, .highlight td { /* to be removed after fixing table styles */
  border: none;
  background: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}
.highlight pre.lineno {
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
  border-radius: 0;
  border-right: 2px solid #444;
}

/* Make line numbers unselectable: excludes line numbers from copy-paste user ops */
.lineno {
  -webkit-user-select: none;
     -moz-user-select: none;
      -ms-user-select: none;
          user-select: none;
}
.lineno::selection, .lineno::-moz-selection {
  background: none;
}

/* --- Social media sharing section --- */

#social-share-section {
  margin-bottom: 1.875rem;
}

/* --- Notification boxes --- */
.box-note, .box-warning, .box-error, .box-success {
  padding: 0.9375rem 0.9375rem 0.9375rem 0.625rem;
  margin: 1.25rem 1.25rem 1.25rem 0.3125rem;
  border: 1px solid #eee;
  border-left-width: 0.3125rem;
  border-radius: 0.3125rem 0.1875rem 0.1875rem 0.3125rem;
}

.box-note {
  background-color: #eee;
  border-left-color: #2980b9;
}

.box-warning {
  background-color: #fdf5d4;
  border-left-color: #f1c40f;
}

.box-error {
  background-color: #f4dddb;
  border-left-color: #c0392b;
}

.box-success {
  background-color: #98FB98;
  border-left-color: #3CB371;
}

/* Fix table border github gist snippets */

.gist, .gist-file table tr {
  border: unset;
}

.gist, .gist-file table tr td {
  border: unset;
}

/* Tags page */

.tag-btn {
  margin: 0.3125rem;
}

#full-tags-list {
  font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}

#full-tags-list .tag-entry {
  margin: 0 0 0.9375rem 1.5625rem;
}

#full-tags-list .tag-entry a {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
}

#full-tags-list .tag-entry .entry-date {
  color: #808080;
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 1rem;
}